EUH 5934
Graduate Seminar: 
Mission, Conversion, Christianization, 200-1000


Requirements

Books

Schedule of Seminar Sessions and Readings

REQUIREMENTS

Each student will be required to:
a) prepare one or two oral reports on a particular author or source relevant to the week's topic
b) co-lead discussion for two for two of the weekly seminar meetings
c) write 5 brief (1-2 page) reactions papers (normally on weeks when you are not leading discussion) and 1 longer (3-5 page) analysis of the week's readings.
d) prepare a short bibliography of major studies on the history of Christianity in a paricular reigon of the late anitque to early medieval period.

Each student will wrirte a book review (1000-1200 words) of  a work related to teh theme of the course.  This review (which will be due midway through the semester) should be chosen in connection with the topic for the final paper.  A bibliographic essay on 3 or 4 articles may be chosen in place of a book review if one or the articles is in another language.

The final paper for this course will be a short research paper on a topic of your choice within the thematic and chronological parameters of the course.  This paper must involve an analysis of a primary source or sources, i.e. it may not be a bibliographic essay.  This final paper is due exam week at the end of the cousre; however, during the final two seminar meetings, each student will prepare a brief oral presentation on their topic to be followed by questions and discussion.

Grading:
30%   participation, including leadership of discussion & reports
15%    book review
15%   3-5 page analytical paper & reaction papers
40%   final paper, including short presentation on your topic



BOOKS

Required Books:
These first two books are recent volumes of essays that are directly on our topic, and we will be reading most of the essays in these volumes.  However, they are extremely expensive ($135 & $75 respectively), and you should not purchase them unless you find inexpensive used copies somewhere or you are independently wealthy: 

William V. Harris, ed. The Spread of Christianity in the First Four Centuries: Essays in Explanation.  Brill, 2005.  

Kenneth Mills and Anthony Grafton, eds. Conversion in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages. Seeing and Believing.  University of Rochester Press, 2003. 

Ordered at Goerings Bookstore
:
Peter Brown, The Rise of Western Christendom. Triumph and Diversity, 200-1000 AD.  2nd edition, (Blackwell, 2003)
        [Despite the title, Brown deals quite a bit with eastern Christendom as well.  This is a book you should certainly purchase!]

Ramsey MacMullen, Christianizing the Roman Empire, AD 100-400 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986)

Ian Wood, The Missionary Life.  Saints and the Evangelisation of Europe 400-1050 (Longman, 2001)
        [Not available in the U.S. so it will take several weeks for these to arrive, but copies will arrive by the time we need this book.]

Lamin Sanneh,
Disciples of All Nations. Pillars of World Christianity (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007)  
        [For the seminar we will read only the first third of this book by a modern historian of Christianity and Islam in Africa.  However, this first part deals with the             spread and indigenization of Christianity from the New Testament through the Middle Ages, it is very recent, and Dr. Sanneh himself is coming to UF in late             March as part of our series, “The Challenge of Religion in History.”]

Sidney Griffith, The Church in the Shadow of the Mosque. Christians and Muslims in the World of Islam. (Princeton University Press, 2007)


Required, but not ordered at Goerings
:
Peter Brown, Authority and the Sacred: Aspects of the Christianisation of the Roman World (Cambridge, 1997)
        [We will be reading the entire book, but it is slim volume (3 essays which comprise 3 chapters) and is available through Amazon used or new; it is also an e-book available at our library.]

Finally, many essays, articles, and book chapters that will be available on electronic reserve at the library (ER) or through webct.



SCHEDULE

8/26 Intro. to the Course
9/2 - Explaining Christian Expansion pre-Constantine
9/9 - Christian Expansion pre-Constantine (continued)
9/16 - Visit of Susanna Elm – Pagans & Christians, 4th Century
9/23 - Christianizing Late Roman Society
9/30 - Monks, Mission, & Imperial Politics

10/7 - No class individual meetings with professor
10/14 -
Mission & National Conversions:  Histories, Hagiography & the problem of the sources
10/21 -
Mission & the "First Byzantine Commonwealth"; Mission under Justianian
10/28 -
Conversion & Christianization:  The Evidence of Art/Archeology/Material Culture
11/4 - Early Medieval West
11/11 - Veteran's Day; no class
11/18 - Byazntine Missions: Slavs
11/25 - Further East: Christians & Conversion Under Islam
12/2 & 12/9 - Presentations of Research and Discussion

8/26 – Intro. to the Course

Introductions & Course Overview

Reports:  Gibbon, Nock, Harnack

Recommended Reading:
Gibbon, Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Vol. 1, chap. 15
Nock, Conversion, pp.1-6
Try to get started on Brown, Rise of Western Christendom


9/2 – Explaining Christian Expansion pre-Constantine

A few contemporary arguments, approaches, & assessments
:
MacMullen, Christianizing the Roman Empire [=CRE], 1-42  
Harris volume, 1-41, & 53-68 (Drake, Rives, & Kyrtatas articles)
Cameron, Christianity and the Rhetoric of Empire. The Development of Christian Discourse, chapter 1 [webct]
Martin Goodman, “The Significance of Proselytizing” and “Mission in the Early Church,” Chapters 1 & 5 in Mission and Conversion. Proselytism in the
        Religious  History of the Roman Empire
, 91-108.  [webct - chap. 1 is up; chap. 5 coming]
Lamin Sanneh, Disciples,1-56 (you can skip 36-49 for now; we’ll return to it later)

Conversion of Elites & Non-Elites
:
Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho, chapters 1-8 (skim the rest)
Justin Martyr, Second Apology (focus on chapters 12-15)
Cyprian, Ad Donatum, especially 3-5
Pontius the Deacon, Vita Cypriani
Life of Gregory Thaumaturgus [excerpt - webct]

Alan Kreider, "The Conversions of Justin and Cyprian," 1-9 in The Change of Conversion and the Origin of Christendom [webct]
Rebecca Lyman, “The Politics of Passing: Justin Martyr’s Conversion as a Problem of ‘Hellenization’” in Grafton & Mills, 36-50/60. [library ER]
Recommended:  Ramsay MacMullen, "Two Types of Conversion to Christianity," Vigiliae Christianae 37 (1983): 174-192. [JSTOR]

Report:  Eusebius of Caesarea

9/9 – Christian Expansion pre-Constantine (continued)

The Role of Women?

Passages from Origen, Contra Celsum: 3.44-60 and 6.12:14 [find on-line if link doesn't work]; Acts of [Paul and] Thecla  [this is a good translation of most of it]
Matthews, First Converts, Introduction and chapter 4 [book on library reserve]
Osiek
, “Women as Agents of Expansion,” in Carolyn Osiek & Margaret Y. MacDonald," A Woman's Place, 220-243 [library reserve; hopefully scanned soon]
Elizabeth Clark
, “Thinking with Women: The Uses of the Appeal to ‘Woman’ in Pre-Nicene Propaganda Literature,”  in Harris, ed., Chap.3

Pagans, Polytheists, Barbarians, and the Conversion of Constantine

John Curran, “The Conversion of Rome Revisited,” in Stephen Mitchell & Geoffrey Greatrex, eds., Ethnicity and Culture in Late Antiquity, 1-14. [on reserve]
Harris volume, chapters 4, 5, 7 & 8
MacMullen, CRE, 43-67
Eusebius accounts:  Church History, Book IX.9.1-12 and  Life of Constantine (excerpt on Constantine's conversion)
Van Dam, “The Many Conversions of Emperor Constantine,” in Grafton & Mills [book oon library reserve; hopefully scanned soon]

9/16 – Susanna Elm – Pagans & Christians, 4th Century

Finish MacMullen (68-119) by 9/23

Gregory of Nazianzus 5th oration
Brian Daley's Intro, pp. 1-61 in Daley, Gregory of Nazianzus
Susanna Elm, “Hellenism and Historiography: Gregory of Nazianzus and Julian in Dialogue,”, either in _Journal of Early Medieval Europe_ 33: 3, Special issue honoring Elizabeth A. Clark, 2003, 493-515; reprint in _The Cultural Turn in Late Ancient Studies: Gender, Asceticism, and Historiography_. Ed. Dale Martin, Patricia Cox Miller. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2005
Sussan Elm, "A Programmatic Life" (Arethusa 2000)

Recommended: Elm, "Inscriptions and Conversions:  Gregory of Nazianzus on Baptism (Or. 38-40)" in Mills & Graton, eds., 1-35.


9/23 – Christianizing Late Roman Society

Excerpts from Book 16 of the Theodosian Code
David Hunt, "Christianising the Roman Empire: The Evidence of the Code," in Jill Harries and Ian Wood, eds., The Theodosian Code. Studies in the Imperial
        Law of Late Antiquity
, Duckworth, 1993, 143-158. [webct]
Michele Salzman, "Evidence for the Conversion of the Roman Empire to Christianity in Book 16 of the Theodosian Code," Historia 80 (1993): 362-378 [webct]
Harris volume, chapter 6:  Isabella Sandwell, "Outlawing 'Magic' or Outlawing 'Religion'?  Libanius and the Theodosian Code as Evidence for Legislation against             'Pagan' Practices," 87-123.
Rita Lizzi, “Ambrose's Contemporaries and the Christianization of Northern Italy.” Journal of Roman Studies 80 (1990): 156-173 [webct]
Michele Salzman, The Making of a Christian Aristocracy: Social and Religious Change in the Western Roman Empire, chapters 6 & 7:  "The Emperor's
        Influence on Aristocratic Conversion" and "The Aristocrats' Influence on Christianity" [webct; endnotes to Salzman 6&7 a separate file]
Peter Brown, "Conversion and Christianization in Late Antiquity: The Case of Augustine," in Straw & Lim ed., The Past Before Us. The Challenge of   
        Historiographies of Late Antiquity
(Brepols, 2004), 103-117.  [webct]

Recommended
(perhaps for next week): 
Richard Lim, "Converting the Unchristianizable: The Baptism of Stage Performers in Late Antiquity," in Mills & Grafton, eds., 84-126.
J. Maxwell, "Teaching to the Converted: John Chrysostom's Pedagogy," in Christianization and Communication in Late Antiquity: John Chrysostom and
        his Congregation in Antioch
, Cambridge University Press, 2006. 

Report:  Theodosian Code, Book XVI

Discussion of Research Papers:  Choosing a Topics


9/30 – Christianizing Society (cont.)
&
Monks, Mission, & Imperial Politics

Peter Brown, Authority and the Sacred. Aspects of teh Christianization of the Roman World (Cambridge University Press, 1995) - 3 essays [library reserve]
Peter Brown, "Conversion and Christianization in Late Antiquity: The Case of Augustine," in Straw & Lim ed., The Past Before Us. The Challenge of   
        Historiographies of Late Antiquity
(Brepols, 2004), 103-117.  [webct] - the essay we really didn't get to last week
Richard M. Price, "The Holy Man and Christianization from the Apocryphal Apostles to St Stephen of Perm," in The Cult of the Saints in Late Antiquity and the     Middle Ages: Essays on the Contribution of Peter Brown. Edited by James Howard-Johnston and Paul Antony Hayward. (New York: OUP, 1999) [webct]

Philostorgius, Church History III.4-6 - account of the missionary work of Theophilus the Indian.  There is a new edition and English translation of this work by
        Philip Amidon, and this section is available on line.  An older translation of Photius's Epitome of Philostorgius, Book III.4-6 is also available on-line.
"Abraham" in Theodoret, History of the Monks of Syria (Historia religiosa)
W.H.C. Frend, "The Missions of the Early Church, 180-700 AD," in Derek Baker, ed., Miscellanea Historiae Ecclesiasticae, 3 (Louvain, 1970) [webct]
W.H.C. Frend, “The Church in the Reign of Constantius II (337-361): Mission—Monasticism—Worship,” Entretiens sur L’Antiquité Classique (Geneva,
        1989), 73-111; reprinted in Frend, Orthodoxy, Paganism and Dissent in the Early Christian Centuries (Ashgate: Variorum, 2002).  [The library does
        not have this volume; if I can't find my own copy by some time this weekend, I will give you by Monday another short article/book chapter relevant to
        mission & imperial policy under Constantius I.]
Anastasios Yannoulatos, "Monks & Mission in the Eastern Church During the Fourth Century," International Review of Missions 58 (1969), 208-226. [webct]
E.A. Thompson, "Christianity and the Northern Barbarians," in  Arnaldo Momigliano, ed.,  The Conflict between Paganism and Christianity in the Fourth
        Century
(Oxford, 1963) [webct]
Sergey A. Ivanov, "Casting Pearls Before Circe's Swine: The Byzantine View of Mission,"  in Travaux et Mémoires 14. Mélanges Gilbert Dagron (Paris,
        2002), 294-301. [webct]
10/7 – No meeting

Everyone must meet with me individually this week about book review & direction of paper!


10/14 – Mission & National Conversions:  Histories, Hagiography & the problem of the sources

East:  Georgia, Armenia, Axum, South Arabia
Primary sources:
Rufinus, Church History, 10.9-10 [on Axum and Iberia], Philip Amidon's English translations is available as an e-book
Agathangelos, History of the Armenians [excerpts on the conversion of Armenia]
The relevant excerpts from these two texts are now available in one document on webct.

Françoise Thelamon, "La conversion des Ibères," chapter 2 in Païens et chrétiens au IVe siècle, 85-122 (French - available on ARES - libary electronic reserve)
Christopher Haas, "Mountain Constantines:  The Christianization of Aksum and Iberia,"  Journal of Late Antiquity 1.1 (Spring, 2008):101–126 [on-line & webct]
Andrea Sterk "Captive Women & Conversion: Interpreting Accounts of Mission on the East Roman Frontiers" - article draft [webct]
Cornelia Horn, "The Lives and Literary Roles of Children in Advancing Conversion to Christianity: Hagiography from the Caucasus in Late Antiquity and the Middle         Ages on Georgia," Church History 76 (2007): 262-297. [webct or electronically]

West:  Franks, Lombards, Anglo-Saxon England...

Primary sources:
Patrick, Confession [versions readily available on-line or a good translation on webct]
Gregory of Tours on the Conversion of Clovis
Bede on the Conversion of England

Walter Pohl, "Deliberate Ambiguity: The Lombards and Christianity," in Armstrong & Wood, eds., Christianizing Peoples and Converting Individuals (Brepols,
        2000), 47-58
Ian Wood, "Some Historical Re-Identifications and the Christianization of Kent," Armstrong & Wood, 27-35.
Ian Wood, article [up on webct]

Reports:  Rufinus, Sozomen & Socrates, Patrick, Columbanus

Book Review due in class or in my offcie by Friday, 10/17, or (latest) Mon., 10/20


10/21 – Mission and the “First Byzantine Commonwealth”; Mission Under Justinian

Primary Sources:
The Martyrs of Najran [pre-Islamic Arabia]
John of Ephesus, Ecclesiastical History (excerpt on the mission to Nubia); followed by Cosmas Indicopleustes (1-page excerpt on Christians in India) [webct]
Procopius, Wars I.19-20 [available on-line, more passages coming]

S.P. Brock, "Christians in the Sassanian Empire: A Case of Divided Loyalties," Studies in Church History 18 (London, 1982), pp.1-19. [webct]
Garth Fowden, "The First Byzantine Commonwealth: Interactions of Political and Cultural Universalism," chap. 5 in Empire to Commonwealth. Consequences
        of Monotheism in Late Antiquity
(Princeton, 1993), 100-137. [webct]
Isrun Engelhardt, Mission und Politik in Byzanz. Ein Beitrag zur Strukturanalyse byzantinischer Mission zur Zeit Justins und Justinians (Munich, 1974),
        4-22 [webct]
Philip Mayerson, "A Confusion of Indias: Asian India and African India in the Byzantine Sources," Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 113, No. 2
        (Apr.-Jun., 1993): 169-174.  [JSTOR]
Stanley Burstein, "When Greek was an African Language: The Role of Greek Culture in Ancient and Medieval Nubia," Journal of World History Vol. 19, No. 1
        (2008): 41-61.  You can kim 41-49, and focus on 54-61. [JSTOR]
Jitse Harm Fokke Dijkstra, Religious Encounters on the Southern Egyptian Frontier in Late Antiquity (Groningen, 2005), pp. 125-150. (comparing Procopius
         & John of Ephesus on Nubia) [Dissertation & now book on-line]
Michael Maas, "'Delivered from their Ancient Customs': Christianity and the Question of Cultural Change in Early Byzantine Ethnography," in Mills & Grafton, eds.
        Conversion, 162-188.

Report: John of Ephesus

10/28 – Conversion & Christianization:  The Evidence of Art/Archeology/Material Culture

Florin Curta, "Before Cyril and Methodius: Christianity and Barbarians beyond the Sixth-Century Danube Frontier," in Curta, ed., East Central and Eastern        
        Europe
in the Early Middle Ages, 181-208. [webct]
Eric Rebillard, "Conversion and Burial in the Later Roman Empire, in Mills & Grafton, eds., 60-83.  [webct]
Bonnie Effros, "De partibus Saxoniae and the Regulation of Mortuary Custom: A Carolingian Campaign of Christianization or the Suppression of Saxon Identity?"
        Revue Belge de Philologie et d'Histoire 75 (1997): 267-286. [webct]
Thomas Mathews, The Clash of Gods: A Reinterpretation of Early Christian Art, 2nd rev. edition (Princeton University Press, 1999), Chapter 4 and
        Epilogue [webct - will be up on Sunday]

Find one article of your own on this topic and, if possible, relevant to your own research paper for the course!

Paper topic proposal or abstract due in my office on Friday afternoon, 10/31 (with preliminary bibliography)


11/4  – Early Medieval West

Ian Wood (finish entire book)

Wolfert Egmond, “Converting Monks: Missionary Activity in Early Medieval Frisia and Saxony” in Guyda & Wood 


11/11 – Veteran's Day, no class

Work on papers!
 

11/18   Byzantine Mission: Slavs

Primary Source:  Life of Constantine[-Cyril] [webct]
Recommended:  Excerpt on the Conversion of Russia from the Primary Chronicle [webct]

For background: 
Florin Curta, "The Rise of New Powers (800-900)," in Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 111-179.  [will be put on reserve at library]
Jonathan Shepard, "Byzantium's Overlapping Circles," Proceedings of the 21st International Congress of Byzantine Studies. Vol. I Plenary Papers (London,
        2006), 15-56.  [On-line pdf; also up on webct]

J. Shepard, "Spreading the Word: Byzantine Missions," in The Oxford History of Byzantium (OUP, 2002), 230-248 [webct - coming]
[Another Shepard essay (brand new in the Cambridge History of Christinaity, vol. 3, Oct. 2008) on Slavic Christianities will be put up if it arrives by next             week!]
Sergey A. Ivanov, "Casting Pearls Before Circe's Swine: The Byzantine View of Mission,"  in Travaux et Mémoires 14. Mélanges Gilbert Dagron (Paris,
        2002), 294-301. [webct] - Read it again & bring it to class!  (Another essay of Ivanov, "Religious Missions," is coming out imminently in the Cambridge
        History of Byzantium (2008), but I don't think it will be out by next week.)
Thomas S. Noonan, “Why Orthodoxy did not Spread among the Bulgars of the Crimea during the Early Medieval Era: An Early Byzantine Conversion Model,” Armstrong & Wood, eds, 15-24.  [webct]
Omeljan Pritsak, "Turkological Remarks on Constantine's Khazarian Mission in the Vita Constantini in In Christianity among the Slavs: The Heritage
        of Saints Cyril and Methodius
, eds. Edward G. Farrugia, Robert F. Taft, & Gino K. Piovesana.  Rome, 1988.  Pp. 295-298 [webct]
Ihor Ševčenko, "Religious Mission seen by Byzantium" Harvard Ukranian Studies 1988-1989 [webct]
Richard E. Sullivan,  "Early Medieval Missionary Activity:  A Comparative Study of Eastern and Western Methods,"  Church History 23/1  (1954): 17-34 
        [older article attempting comparative questions - available through JSTOR & on webct]


11/25   Further East: Christians & Conversion Under Islam

Primary Source:  Apology of Patriarch Timothy of Baghdad before the Caliph Mahdi; a long excerpt is on webct (under 11/25) as a Word document.

Griffith, The Church in the Shadow of the Mosque
Sanneh, Disciples, chapter 2 (pp.57-88)

Karl Morrison, Understanding Conversion.  Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1992.  Read chapter 1 (and a bit of chapter 2 if you have time).
To get a quick take on Morrison's whole book, here is a review.  For those interested, I have also put up Thomas Head's review of Morrison's two related    
        books on conversion on webct.


12/2    

Presentations


12/9    

Presentations