1. Using examples from West Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific explain how Moag's Life Cycle for English differs for pidgins and creoles when compared to the normal cycle for ENL, ESL, and EFL situations.  How has this given rise to a new kind of English? What are the social ramifications?

2.  What are the characteristics of the following? How do they relate to each other?

• Pidgin?
  
•  A Creole?
  
• A Post Creole Continuum? 
  
• Decreolization?
  
• Accommodation Theory? 
  
• Acrolect, mesolect, basilect?
  

3. What keeps a pidgin or creole alive in spite of efforts to replace it with Standard English?

4.  Using specific grammar examples (e.g. pronouns, plural, copula, tense, continuous/progressive) from West Africa and the Caribbean, explain how a Post Creole Continuum works.

5.  Some say that pidgins are male dominated languages. Using examples from the Pacific, explain why this is so. What effect does this have on the development of the pidgin? Using examples from Tok Pisin, explain how the vocabulary of a pidgin expands to meet the social needs of its speakers.

6.  Why is the issue of standardization important for the study of pidgins and creoles? What are the issues that governments must face if they want to make a pidgin or creole the national language? What is there about Pidgins and Creoles that make them difficult yet fascinating for English speakers to investigate? Use examples from West Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific to illustrate your discussion.

7.  As the "Empire strikes back", what will become of English? What forces are causing English to splinter? What forces keep it together? Is the rise of pidgins and creoles an examples of how English will disintegrate? Be sure to use appropriate examples from a wide range of World Englishes.

8.  Can English be a culture free, neutral language? Can it be adjusted to express the needs of any culture? Use appropriate examples from World English to back up your point of view.

9. Compare the history of and the attitudes toward English in West Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific.

10. What roles have German, Spanish, Portuguese, French, and other languages played in the development of pidgin English in the Pacific? What is there about the social situation in the Pacific that has made the development of Pidgin English so attractive to the locals?