Howard Louthan
217 Flint
e-mail: Louthan@history.ufl.edu
telephone: 392-0271 (ext. 254)
       264-1403 (home)

This course is intended to expose the student to a broad range of readings (both primary and secondary) in the field of early modern Europe.  Chronologically we will be moving from the fifteenth through the early eighteenth century.  It will be expected that students will use what language skills they have as part of the course.  Readings will be selected with such considerations in mind.
Students will meet the following requirements:
a. Co-lead colloquium discussion with class member at least twice per semester.
b. Write one or two short review essays (2-4 pages) reacting to the sources read for the week.  These papers will be distributed to the class as a whole and used as a means to start weekly discussion.
c. Produce a critical bibliography on a selected theme related to the course:  Catholic Reform and European Society
d. Conclude the semester with a short (10-15 pp.) paper.  This will either be a review essay or a conference-style presentation.  Students will be strongly encouraged to submit an abstract of this paper to an actual conference.

Week One: Introduction  (Jan. 7)

Week Two: Historiography (Jan. 14)
E.H. Carr, What is History? New York, 1967
Natalie Zemon Davis interview in Visions of History, ed. H. Abelove, et. al., New York, 99-122.
Pierre Nora, “Between Memory and History” in Realms of Memory, vol. 1, ed. P. Nora, New York, 1996, 1-20

Week Three: Political and Social Developments around 1500 (Jan. 28)
Political World
    Paul Monod, The Power of Kings, Yale, 1999 (E-book): Introduction, Chapters 1-2

Social World
    Richard Wunderli, Peasant Fires: The Drummer of Niklashausen, Indiana, 1992
    Manifestations of Discontent in Germany on the Eve of the Reformation, ed. Gerald Strauss, Indiana, 1971, 64-75; 89-100; 153-169; 218-222; 233-247
    James Scott, Domination and the Arts of Resistance, Yale, 1990 (E-book): Chapters 1, 6

Optional
    Politics
The New Cambridge Modern History, vols. 1-5, Cambridge, 1957-79
Early Modern Europe, ed. Euan Cameron, Oxford, 1999
The Seventeenth Century: Short Oxford History of Europe, ed. Joseph Bergin, Oxford, 2001
The Eighteenth Century: Short Oxford History of Europe, ed. T.C.W. Blanning, Oxford, 2000
William Bouwsma, “Politics in the Age of the Renaissance,” in Chapters in Western Civilization, New York, 1961, 199-244

    Society--Rural Studies (Central European Focus)
Peter Blickle, The Revolt of 1525: The German Peasants’ War from a New Perspective, Johns Hopkins, 1981
David Luebke, His Majesty’s Rebels: Communities, factions and rural revolt in the Black Forest, 1725-45, Cornell, 1997
Hermann Rebel, Peasant Classes: The Bureaucratization of Property and Family Relations under early Habsburg Absolutism, 1511-1636, Princeton, 1983
Thomas Robisheaux, Rural Society and the Search of Order in Early Modern Germany, Cambridge, 1989
John Theibault, German Villages in Crisis: Rural Life in Hesse-Kassle and the Thirty Years’ War, 1580-1720, Humanities Press, 1995
Norman Cohn, The Pursuit of the Millennium: Revolutionary Millenarians and Mystical Anarchists of the Middle Ages, Princeton, 1957
 

Week Four: Eve—Cultural and Intellectual around 1500 (Feb. 4)
Humanism--Erasmus
1. The Erasmus Reader, ed. Erika Rummel, Toronto, 1990
    Editor’s Introduction, 3-13
    Brief outline of his life, 15-20
    Handbook of the Christian soldier, 138-154
    Praise of Folly, 155-168
    Julius Excluded from Heaven, 216-238
    A Complaint of Peace, 288-314
2. Lisa Jardine, “’A better portrait of Erasmus will his writings show’: Fashioning the Figure,” in Erasmus, Man of Letters, Princeton, 1993, 27-54
3. Paul Kristeller, “The Moral Thought of Renaissance Humanism,” in Chapters in Western Civilization, Columbia University Press, 3rd edition, 1961, 289-335

Printing
1. Elizabeth Eisenstein, The Printing Revolution in Early Modern Europe, Cambridge, 1983, Chaps. 1-5.  (skim 1-4 and focus on chapter 5)
2. AHR Forum: How Revolutionary was the Print Revolution
American Historical Review, vol. 107, number 1, Feb. 2002, 84-128
“Introduction”—Anthony Grafton
“An Unacknowledged Revolution Revisted”—Elizabeth Eisenstein
“How to Acknowledge a Revolution”—Adrian Johns
“Reply”—Elizabeth Eisenstein
3. Roger Chartier, “Print Culture,” in The Culture of Print, ed. R. Chartier, Princeton, 1987, 1-10

Optional
Humanism
Hans Baron, The Crisis of the Early Italian Renaissance, 2 vols., Princeton, 1955
Felix Gilbert, Machiavelli and Guicciardini; politics and history in sixteenth-century Florence, Princeton, 1965
James Hankins, “The ‘Baron Thesis’ after 40 Years and some Recent Studies on Leonardo Bruni,” Journal of the History of Ideas, 1995, 309-331
Charles Nauert, Humanism and the Culture of Renaissance Europe, Cambridge, 1995
John Martin, “Inventing Sincerity, Refashioning Prudence: The Discovery of the Individual in Renaissance Society,” AHR 102 (1997), 1309-1342
AHA Forum, AHR 103 (1998), 51-124

Printing
David Cressy, Literacy and the Social Order: Reading and Writing in Tudor and Stuart England, Cambridge, 1980
Anthony Grafton, “The Importance of Being Printed, “ Journal of Interdisciplinary History 11 (1980), 265-286
Adrian Johns, The Nature of the Book: Print and Knowledge in the Making, Chicago, 1998
Walter Ong, Orality and literacy : the technologizing of the word, New York, 1982
Arnold Snyder, “Orality, Literacy, and the Study of Anabaptism,” Mennonite Quarterly Review, 1991, 371-392
Miriam Chrisman, “Printing and the evolution of lay culture in Strasbourg, 1480-1599” in The German People and the Reformation, ed. R. Hsia, Cornell, 1988, 74-100
 
 

Week Five: The New Religious Landscape (Calvinism) (Feb. 11)
Calvinism
Philip Benedict, Christ’s Churches Purely Reformed: A Social History of Calvinism, Yale, 2002,  xv-xxvi; 1-120
John Calvin: Reply to Sadoleto, in The Protestant Reformation, ed. Hans Hillerbrand, New York, 1968, 153-172

Optional
William Bouwsma, John Calvin, Oxford, 1988
International Calvinism, 1541-1715, ed. Menna Prestwich, Oxord, 1985
William Monter, Calvin’s Geneva, London, 1967
Ben Kaplan, Calvinists and Libertines : confession and community in Utrecht, 1578-1620, Oxford, 1995
Graeme Murdock, Calvinism on the Frontier, 1600-1660, Oxford, 2000
Bodo Nischan, “Confessionalism and absolutism: the case of Brandenburg,” in Calvinism in Europe, ed. A. Pettegree, Oxford, 1994
Ole Peter Grell, “Merchants and ministers : the foundations of international Calvinism,” Calvinism in Europe, ed. A. Pettegree, Oxford, 1994
Robert Kingdon, “Social welfare in Calvin’s Geneva,” American Historical Review, 76 (1971), 50-69.
Seeing beyond the Word: visual arts and the Calvinist tradition, edited by Paul Corby Finney, Eerdmans, 1999.
Max Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Calvinism, tr. Talcott Parsons, London, 1926

Religious Violence--Martyrs
Natalie Zemon Davis, “The Rites of Violence: Religious Riot in Sixteenth-Century France,” Past and Present, No. 59. (May,1973), pp. 51-91.
David Freedberg, “The representations of martyrdoms during the Early Counter-Reformation in Antwerp,” Burlington Magazine 118 (1976), 128-138 (available through online reserves)
Brad Gregory, “A Complex of Martyrs,” in Salvation at Stake, Cambridge (MA), 1999, 1-29
Peter Lake; Michael Questier, Agency, “Appropriation and Rhetoric under the Gallows: Puritans, Romanists and the State in Early Modern England,” Past and Present, No. 153. (Nov., 1996), pp. 64-107
David Nicholls, “The Theatre of Martyrdom in the French Reformation,” Past and Present, No. 121. (Nov., 1988), pp. 49-73

Optional
John Foxe, Acts and Monuments (classic 16th century martyrology)
Jennifer Umble, “Women and choice: An Examanitation of the Martyrs Mirror,” Mennonite Quarterly Review, 64 (1990), 134-145.
Denis Crouzet, Les guerriers de Dieu : la violence au temps des troubles de religion, vers 1525-vers 1610, 2 vols. Seyssel, 1990
Barbara Diefendorf, Beneath the Cross: Catholics and Huguenots in Sixteenth Century Paris, Oxford, 1991
Donald Kelly, “Martyrs, Myths, and the Massacre: The Background of St. Bartholomew, American Historical Review 77 (1972), 1323-42
David Nirenberg, Communities of Violence: Persecution of Minorities in the Middle Ages, Princeton Univ. Press, 1996
 

Week Six: The New Religious Landscape (Catholic Reform) (Feb. 18)
I. Delumeau Readings
Jean Delumeau, Sin and fear: the emergence of a Western guilt culture, 13th-18th centuries, New York, 1990
Jean Delumeau, Catholicism between Luther and Voltaire : a new view of the counter-Reformation, London, 1977

II. Common Article Readings
Gerald Strauss, “Ideas of Reformatio and Renovatio from the Middle Ages to the Reformation,” in The Handbook of European History, ed. T. Brady, et. al., vol. 2, Leiden: Brill, 1995, 1-30
 Hubert Jedin, “Catholic Reformation or Counter-Reformation,” in The Counter-Reformation: the essential readings, edited by David M. Luebke, Blackwell, 1999, 19-45
John Van Engen, “The Christian Middle Ages as an Historiographical Problem,” American Historical Review 91 (1986), 519-552
John O’Malley, “Was Ignatius Loyola a Church Reformer?  How to look at early modern Catholicism,” Catholic Historical Review 77 (1991), 177-193
John Bossy, “The Counter-Reformation and the People of Catholic Europe,” Past and Present, 47 (1970), 51-70
Wolfgang Reinhard, “Reformation, Counter-Reformation and the Early Modern State: A Reassessment,” in The Counter-Reformation: the essential readings, edited by David M. Luebke, Blackwell, 1999, 105-128
Craig Harline, “Official Religion—Popular Religion in Recent Historiography of the Catholic Reformation,” Archive for Reformation History 81 (1990), 239-262

III. Regional Readings
A. Italian focus
David Gentilcore, “Methods and Approaches in the Social History of the Counter-Reformation in Italy,” Social History 17 (1992), 73-98
Anne Schutte, “Periodization of Sixteenth-Century Italian Religious History,” Journal of Modern History 61 (1989), 269-284

 B. German focus
Marc Forster, “With and Without Confessionalization: Varieties of Early Modern German Catholicism,” Journal of Early Modern History 1 (1998), 315-343

Week Seven: Europe and the West (Feb. 25)
Kathryn Burns, Colonial Habits: Convents and the Spiritual Economy of Cuzco, Duke, 1999
Sabine MacCormack, "'The Heart has its Reasons': Preicaments of Missionary Christianity in Early Colonial Peru,"  in The Counter-Reformation: the essential readings, edited by David M. Luebke, Blackwell, 1999, 199-225

Week Eight: The Courts of Europe (March 4)
John Adamson, ed., The Princely Courts of Europe 1500-1750, Sterling Publications, 2000, 7-42; 95-118
Clifford Geertz, Negara: The Theater State in Nineetenth-Century Bali, Princeton, 1980, Chapter Four, “Spectacle and Ceremony,” 98-120
Norbert Elias, The Civilizing Process, New York, 1978 (originally published in 1939), 53-84.
Jeroen Duindam, “Ceremony at Court: Reflexions on an Elusive Subject,” Francia 26/2 (1999), 131-140.
L.W.B. Brockliss, “The Anatomy of the Minister-Favourite,” in The World of the Favourite, ed. J.H. Elliott and L.W.B. Brockliss, Yale, 1999, 279-309
Sydney Anglo, “The Courtier—The Renaissance and Changing Ideals” in The Courts of Europe, ed. A.G. Dickens, New York, 1977, 33-53

Team Reports
a. France—Louis XIV (Blanning, Dickens, Ladurie)
b. Spain—Philip II or IV (Marie Tanner, Last Descendant of Aeneas; J. Brown, Palace for a King)
c. Habsburg—Austrian court—Rudolf II focus (R.J.W. Evans, Rudolf II and his World; Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann, The School of Prague)
d. Medici Court (Mario Biagiolo, Galileo Courtier; Dale Kent, Cosimo de Medici)

Optional
Le Roy Ladurie, Emmanuel, Saint-Simon and the court of Louis XIV, Chicago, 2000
Jeroen Duindam, Vienna and Versailles: the courts of Europe's major dynastic rivals, ca. 1550-1780, Cambridge, 2003
Giglio Fragnito, “’Cardinals’ courts in sixteenth-century Rome,” Journal of Modern History 65 (1993), 26-56
Rituals of Royalty: Power and Ceremonial in Traditional Societies, eds. David Cannadine and Simon Price, Cambridge, 1987.
Norbert Elias, The Court Society, Oxford, 1983
Jeroen Duindam, Myths of power : Norbert Elias and the early modern European court, Amsterdam, 1994
Princes, Patronage and the Nobility: The Court at the Beginning of the Modern Age, eds. Ronald Asch and Adolf M. Birke, Oxford, 1991
Hofgesellschaft und Hoflinge an europaischen Fursthofen in der Fruhen Neuzeit, eds. Klaus Malettke and Chantal Grell, Munster, 2001.
T.C.W. Blanning, The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660-1789, Oxford, 2002
 

Week Nine: Art and History (March 18)
Art and History--theoretical
J. Smit, “History in Art,” in Art in History: History in Art, ed. David Freedberg and Jan de Vries, Santa Monica, 1991, 17-25

Roy Strong, “Illusions of Absolutism,” in Art and Power, Los Angeles, 1984, 153-170

Two Casestudies
Keith Moxey, “The Battle of the Sexes and the World Upside Down,” in Peasants, Warriors and Wives, Chicago, 1989, 101-126.
Keith Moxey, “Hieronymus Bosch and the ‘World Upside Down’: The Case of The Garden of Earthly Delights, in Visual Culture, eds. Bryson, Holly and Moxey, Hannover, 1994, 104-135

Collecting
Thomas Kaufmann, “From Mastery of the World to Mastery of Nature: The Kunstkammer, Politics and Science,” in Mastery of Nature, Princeton, 1993, 174-194
Antoine Schnapper, “The King of France as Collector in the Seventeenth Century,” in Art and History, ed. T.K. Rabb and R.I. Rotberg, Cambridge, 1989, 185-202

Calvinist World
Richard Patterson, “The ‘Hortus Palatinus’ at Heidelberg and the Reformation of the World,” Journal of Garden History, 1981, 67-104 (Read part one only)
Philip Benedict, “Calvinism as a Culture? Preliminary Remarks on Calvinism and the Visual Arts,” in Seeing Beyond the Word, ed. P. Corby Finney, Grand Rapids, 1999, 19-45
 

Week Ten: Intellectual Activity (Science focus) (March 25)
Lorraine Daston and Katharine Park, Wonders and the Order of Nature, 1150-1750, Zone books, 2002

Optional
    History of Technology
Pamela O. Long, Openness, secrecy, authorship : technical arts and the culture of knowledge from antiquity to the Renaissance, Baltimore : Johns Hopkins    University Press, 2001.

    Education and the schools
 Anthony Grafton and Lisa Jardine, “Northern Methodical Humanism: From Teachers to Textbooks” in  From Humanism to the Humanities, Cambridge, 1986, 122-157
 “Education in the Renaissance and Reformation,” ed. Paul Grendler, Renaissance Quarterly, 1990, 774-812
John O’Malley,”The Schools,” in The First Jesuits, Cambridge, 1993, 200-242
Gerald Strauss, Luther’s House of Learning, Baltimore, 1978, 1-28, 176-202, 300-308
Johann Sturm, “On the lost art of speaking” in Johann Sturm on Education, ed. L. Spitz and B. Sher Tinsley, St. Louis, 1995, 119-132
Early Protestant Educators, ed. Frederick Eby, New York, 1931, 107-127

    Other loci of intellectual acitivity
Charles Webster, The Great Instauration, New York, 1975
William Sherman, John Dee: The Politics of Reading and Writing in the English Renaissance, Amherst, 1995
Allison Coudert, “Forgotten ways of knowing: the Kabbalah, language and science in the seventeenth century,” in The Shapes of Knowledge from the             Renaissance to the Enlightenment, Dordrecht, 1991, 83-99
Pamela Smith, The Business of Alchemy, Princeton, 1994
Mario Biagioli, Galileo Courtier, Chicago, 1993

Week Eleven: Social overview—the outsiders (April 1)
Erik Midelfort, A History of Madness in Sixteenth Century Germany, Stanford, 2000

Week Twelve: A Reprise of the Early Modern Period (April 8)

Week Thirteen: Reports I (April 15)

Week Fourteen: Reports II (April 22)
 

Required books
1. E.H. Carr, What is History? New York, 1967
2. Richard Wunderli, Peasant Fires: The Drummer of Niklashausen, Indiana, 1992
3. The Erasmus Reader, ed. Erika Rummel, Toronto, 1990
4. Philip Benedict, Christ’s Churches Purely Reformed: A Social History of Calvinism, Yale, 2002
5. Kathryn Burns, Colonial Habits: Convents and the Spiritual Economy of Cuzco, Duke, 1999
6. The Princely Courts of Europe 1500-1750, ed. John Adamson, Sterling Publications, 2000
7. Lorraine Daston and Katharine Park, Wonders and the Order of Nature, 1150-1750, Zone books, 2002
8. Erik Midelfort, A History of Madness in Sixteenth Century Germany, Stanford, 2000
All books are available at Gator Textbooks (3501 SW 2nd Ave)

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