Afghanistan: at the crossroads of empires
Announcements: Please complete the exit survey ASAP, by Tuesday at the latest. Reading journals due in section tomorrow. Final papers due in class on Tuesday. |
Introduction
I. Geography and Early History
Hindu Kush mtns
Pashtu-speaking Pashtuns
(Durranis/Abdalis and Ghilzais)Turkic-speaking peoples
(Tajiks, Uzbeks, Hazaras, Turkmen)Pamir mtns
Central Asian Steppe
Iranian Plateau
gateway for invaders
Moghuls (1504-1857)
Babur
Ahmad Shah Abdali/ Durrani (1722-1772)
II. A Nineteenth-century Cold War
Russian expansionism
the Great Game
Crimean War (1853-1856)
III. The North-west Frontier, Afghanistan, and the British Empire
Sind (1843)
Punjab (1846-1849)
Baluchistan (1879)
B. Anglo-Afghan Wars
Dost Mohammad Khan (r 1823-1839)
1. First Afghan War (1839-1842)
Khandahar, Ghazni, Kabul
Jagdallak Pass
Russian expansion 1860s and 1870s
2. Second Afghan War (1879-80)
intrigues and assassinations
Abdur Rahman Khan (r 1880-1901)
the Durand Line [map] [Newsweek article]
Pashtunistan
Anglo-Russian Entente (1907)
3. Third Afghan War (1919)
IV. Afghanistan and the 20th-c Cold War
Sardar Mohammed Daoud (president 1973-1978)
crackdown on Islamic fundamentalists
coup and civil war 1978
Mujahedin insurgency
Soviet invasion 1979
1979-1990: c. 1,000,000 dead; c. 3,000,000 refugees to Pakistan
