Ireland in the Age of Atlantic Revolutions [images]
James Napper Tandy/ The Wearing of the Green
Key themes/arguments:
United Irish catechism (1797):
What is that in your hand? It is a branch.
Of what? Of the Tree of Liberty.
Where did it first grow? In America.
Where does it bloom? In France.
Where did the seeds fall? In Ireland.
Edmund Burke (1729-1797) |
 |
1760s |
1770s |
1780s |
1790s |
politics Patriot MPs: Seven Years War |
American War French-American alliance/ the Volunteers Volunteers > politics
Catholic relief |
British defeat Constitution of 1782/ "Grattan's Parliament" Volunteer split
rural sectarianism (Armagh)
French Revolution (1789) |
Society of United Irishmen Theobold Wolfe Tone Catholic emancipation war vs. France constitutional > radical nationalism the Defenders the '98 |
Catholic Relief Acts
| 1774 | introduced a new oath of allegiance |
| 1778 | allowed Catholics who had taken the new oath of allegiance to bequeath land to a single heir permitted Catholics to take leases for up to 999 years |
| 1782 | allowed Catholics to buy land removed most restrictions affecting Catholic education and the Catholic clergy |
| 1792 | allowed Catholics to practice law |
| 1793 | gave Catholics the right to vote and to hold most civil and military offices NOTE: Catholics still barred from holding seats in parliament and from senior administrative and political positions (e.g. lord lieutenant, chief secretary); they could not be judges, governors, sheriffs; the highest military rank they could hold was colonel |
The United Irish Rebellion (1798) [images]
society went underground in 1795
contacts with the Defenders and the French
Hoche expedition
government reprisals
General Lake
Orange Order
croppies and tarheads
outbreak of rebellion in May
failed Humbert expedition
30,000 Irishmen and women killed
the cult of Wolfe Tone
