January 31  The Dutch Republic

key terms: Navigation Acts; stadtholder; the Bourse

I.  Background
first Navigation Act (1651)
Anglo-Dutch Wars (1652-54, 1665-67, 1672-74)

the Low Countries

Eighty Years War (1568-1648)
Dutch declaration of independence, 1581

II.  The Dutch state
constitutionalism
regents
Estates General
stadholder (House of Orange)
the Dutch haven
Peter Bayle
Benedict Spinoza

William Temple, Observations upon the United Provinces of the Netherlands

III.  An embarrassment of riches
the Dutch Golden Age
exchange bank (1609)
Amsterdam Bourse (1611)
tulip mania 1636-37
Dutch East India Company (1602)
early modern consumerism
Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)
Jan Vermeer (1632-1675)
"the peculiarities of the Dutch" (Simon Schama)

IV.  From rivals to allies
War of the League of Augsburg (1688-1697)


Dutch commerce

east_indiamen



rebrandt
The Anatomy Lecture of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp  (1632)