March 9  Prussia and its military

key terms: Prussia, the Hohenzollerns, Frederick William the Great Elector, Frederick William I, Frederick the Great

I.  Locating Prussia
Brandenburg
Duchy of Prussia
the Hohenzollerns
Frederick William, the Great Elector (r. 1640-1688)
the Junkers
Frederick I of Prussia (r. 1688-1713)


II.  "A large army with a small state attached"
Frederick William I (r. 1713-1740)
the Sergeant King
the Grenadiers
canton system
mercenaries
officer corps
infantry tactics and organization
Prince Leopold of Anhalt-Dessau (the Old Dessauer)


 Proportion of men at arms Proportion of nobles in the military
France
 1 in 157
 1 in 33
Russia
 1 in 64
 1 in 50
Prussia
 1 in 28
 1 in 7


III.  Prussia's emergence as a great power
Frederick II (Frederick the Great) (r. 1740-1786)



enlightened absolutism
War of the Austrian Succession
The King of Prussia's Military Instructions to his Generals

Essays on the Form of Government (1781)

Size of European armis in 1756
Prussia
 145,000
Great Britain
 90,000
Russia
 333,000
Austria
 210,000
France
 200,000