Crafts

• Graham-Campbell and Valor 208-234; Carver and Klapste 315-327
  
• see an example of bog iron, a picture of a compact bloom, and read a brief introduction to Viking-age iron-working (with a reconstruction of a smelting furnace)
  
• see an example of a blade made of Damascus (Wootz) steel ("Charlemagne's Saber" in the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna)
  

Trade


• Graham-Campbell and Valor 289-312; Carver and Klapste 340-369
• see portraits of Henri Pirenne and Sture Bolin
• visit the ruins of Schola Praeconum in Rome, of Carthage, and of Luni
• see different types of Late Roman amphorae and the Kashmiri statue of Buddha from Helgo