University of Florida

INR 6607

Fall 2005

International Relations Theory

Dr. Samuel Barkin

Office: 334 Anderson Hall.

Office Hours: Wednesday 10am-noon

x2-0262, ext. 222

barkin@polisci.ufl.edu

This course is an introduction to the field of International Relations. It is the core international relations graduate survey course, and is intended to provide you with the tools to prepare yourself for independent study and research in the field. Its focus is on theories of international politics and on the construction of the academic field, rather than on current world events. The course is divided into three parts. In the first we discuss approaches to international relations theory across different levels of analysis, from the level of the individual decision-maker to the level of the structure of the international system. In the second we examine one of the core philosophical debates separating different understandings of international relations, that between realists and liberals. In the third and final part we look at different methodological approaches to the study of international relations, from the inductive to the deductive to the critical.

You will be expected to have done the week's reading before each class, and to come to class prepared to discuss the reading in depth. You will also be expected to write down (at least) two discussion questions generated by the readings each week, and email them to me (at least) three hours before the beginning of class. You may also be asked (randomly, and without warning) to lead discussion of particular readings in class. Class participation, including discussion questions, will comprise 20% of the final grade.

You will also be expected to write three short papers and an examination over the course of the semester. Two of these papers will be critical "thought pieces" based on one week's reading. These will discuss a particular aspect of that week’s reading in 1,500-2,000 words, and will be due at the beginning of the relevant class. You will also make a brief oral presentation of your paper to the class. For the third paper you will review a specific debate in the international relations literature that is not directly covered by the course readings. Examples might be the literatures discussing the role of ideas in international relations, the meaning of sovereignty, or the relationship between trade and war. This paper should be between 2,000 and 3,000 words, and is due on the beginning of class on November 30. Some thoughts on citation can be found at http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/barkin/citations.html.

The exam is intended as practice for the international relations comprehensive exam. As such, the format will mimic the comprehensive exam as much as possible. It will be a take-home exam, with one question, of a fairly general nature. The answer should be between 2,000 and 2,500 words. Thoughts on the writing of international relations comprehensive exams can be found at http://www.polisci.ufl.edu/international.htm#examguide.

Each paper will comprise 20% of the final grade, as will the exam. Late papers or exams will not be accepted.

All readings will be available either online through the UF library website (from various databases – if you don’t find it at first, keep trying), on reserve in the library (Marston Science, until Library West reopens), or on loan from me (these will be made available in the Department’s library, in Anderson 316). Readings available online are followed by a 8 in the syllabus, those available from me are followed by a 1, and those on reserve in the library are followed by a &. In addition, a number of books have been ordered through the University’s textbook ordering service, as indicated by an asterix. These should be available at most campus-area stores that stock textbooks. You are not required to purchase any of these, but if you plan on pursuing graduate study in international relations you should seriously consider doing so. Feel free to discuss the issue with me as you see fit.

Course Schedule

August 24: Introduction

No reading

August 31: Theory and the Three Images

* Kenneth Waltz, Man, The State, and War: A Theoretical Analysis (New York: Columbia University Press, 1959), chapters 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 (but the whole book is recommended) &

* Brian Schmidt, The Political Discourse of Anarchy: A Disciplinary History of International Relations (Albany: SUNY Press, 1998), introduction and chapters 1 and 5-7 (but the whole book is recommended). &

September 7: Realism 1

* Thucidides, History of the Peloponnesian War (various editions), Book 1 ¶ 66-88, Book 1 ¶ 118-146, Book 2 ¶ 34-70, Book 3 ¶ 8-86, Book 5 ¶ 84-116, and Book 6 ¶ 62-87. &

* E. H. Carr, The Twenty Years' Crisis, 1919-1939: An Introduction to the Study of International Relations (London: Macmillan, 1939), pp. 1-169. &

Hans Morgenthau, Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace (various editions) part one, the first chapter of part 2 (“Political Power”), and part four (Page numbers: Sixth Edition.: 1-51, 185-240; Brief Edition: 1-49, 181-216; Seventh Edition: 1-49, 177-231). &

Robert Jervis, "Realism in the Study of World Politics." International Organization 52 (1998), pp. 971-992. 8

September 14: Realism 2

Kenneth Waltz, Theory of International Politics (New York: Random House, 1979), at least pp. 1-17 and 60-128, but the whole book is recommended. & 1

John Mearsheimer, The Tragedy of Great Power Politics (New York; Norton, 2001), pp. 1-54. & 1

Robert Gilpin, “The Theory of Hegemonic War,” Journal of Interdisciplinary History 18/4 (Spring 1988), pp. 591-613. 8

Randall Schweller, “Bandwagoning for Profit: Bringing the Revisionist State Back In,” International Security 19 (Summer 1994), pp. 72-107. 8

Gideon Rose, “Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Policy,” World Politics 51/1 (1998), pp. 144-172. 8

September 21: Liberalism 1

Norman Angell, The Great Illusion (New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1933), pp. 63-137. & 1

Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, Power and Interdependence, Part I and Part IV. This can be from any of the three editions. 1^st ed. (Boston: Little, Brown, 1977); 2^nd ed. (New York: HarperCollins, 19890; 3^rd ed. (New York: Longman, 2001). & 1

Michael Doyle, "Liberalism and World Politics." American Political Science Review 80 (1986), pp. 1151-1169. 8

* Bruce Russett and John Oneal, Triangulating Peace: Democracy, Interdependence and International Organizations (New York: Norton, 2001), 15-124, 271-323. 1

September 28: Liberalism 2

* Robert Keohane, After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984), pp. 5-109. &

Kenneth Oye, "Explaining Cooperation Under Anarchy: Hypotheses and Strategies," World Politics 38 (1985), pp. 1-24. 8

Lisa Martin and Beth Simmons, "Theories and Empirical Studies of International Institutions." International Organization 52 (1998), pp. 729-757. 8

Judith Goldstein, Miles Kahler, Robert Keohane, and Anne-Marie Slaughter, “Legalization in World Politics: An Introduction.” International Organization 54 (2000), pp. 385-420. 8

Andrew Moravcik, "Taking Preferences Seriously: A Liberal Theory of International Politics." International Organization 51 (1997), pp. 513-554. 8

October 5: Marxism

* V. I. Lenin, Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism (Various editions). &

Immanuel Wallerstein, The Capitalist World-Economy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979), esp. pp. 1-36. & 1

Stephen Gill, ed., Gramsci, Historical Materialism and International Relations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), pp. 1-20, 49-66, and 93-127. & 1

A. Claire Cutler, “Locating ‘Authority’ in the Global Political Economy,” International Studies Quarterly 43/1 (March 1999), 59-81. 8

October 12: No class

October 19: Structural Theory

*Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics (London: Macmillan, 1977), Part 1 (pp. 3-98). &

Robert Axelrod, The Evolution of Cooperation (New York: Basic Books, 1984), pp. 3-72. & 1

David Lake, "Leadership, Hegemony, and the International Economy: Naked Emperor or Tattered Monarch with Potential?" International Studies Quarterly 37 (1993), pp. 459-489. 8

David Lake, "Anarchy, Hierarchy, and the Variety of International Relations." International Organization 50 (1996), pp. 1-35. 8

John Gerrard Ruggie, "Continuity and Transformation in the World Polity: Toward a Neorealist Synthesis." World Politics 35 (1983), pp. 261-285. 8

Alexander Wendt, "The Agent-Structure Problem in International Relations." International Organization 41 (1987), pp. 335-370. 8

October 26: Decision-Making

Robert Jervis, Perception and Misperception in International Politics (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976), read Part 1 (pp. 2-113), skim the rest. & 1

Ole Holsti, "Foreign Policy Formation Viewed Cognitively," in Robert Axelrod, ed., Structure of Decision, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976) . & 1

Barbara Farnham, "Political Cognition and Decision-Making." Political Psychology 11 (1990), pp. 83-111. 1

Janice Stein, "Political Learning by Doing: Gorbachev as Uncommitted Thinker and Motivated Learner." International Organization 48 (1994), pp. 155-185. 8

Levy, Jack, "Loss Aversion, Framing, and Bargaining: The Implications of Prospect Theory for International Conflict." International Political Science Review 17 (1996), pp. 179-195. 1

Jonathan Mercer, “Rationality and Psychology in International Politics,” International Organization 59, 1 (Winter 2005), 77-106. 8

November 2: The Limits of Three Images

* Graham Allison, Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis (New York: Harper Collins, 1971). &

Peter Gourevitch, "The Second Image Reversed: The International Sources of Domestic Politics." International Organization 32 (1978), pp. 881-911. 8

Ronald Rogowski, "Political Cleavages and Changing Exposure to Trade." American Political Science Review 81 (1987), pp. 1121-38. 8

Robert Putnam, "Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games." International Organization 42 (1988), pp. 427-460. 8

Robert Keohane and Helen Milner, Internationalization and Domestic Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), pp. 3-24. & 1

Margaret Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998), pp. 1-38. & 1

November 9: Inference

*Gary King, Robert Keohane, and Sidney Verba, Designing Social Inquiry: Scientific Inference in Qualitative Research (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994), pp. 3-63, 91-139, 208-230. &

Timothy McKeown, "Case Studies and the Statistical World View: Review of King, Keohane, and Verba's "Designing Social Inquiry: Scientific Inference in Qualitative Research.'" International Organization 53 (1999), pp. 161-190. . 8

James Caporaso, "Research Design, Falsification, and the Quantitative-Qualitative Divide." American Political Science Review 89 (1995), pp. 457-460. 8

Ronald Rogowski, "The Role of Theory and Anomoly in Social-Scientific Inference." American Political Science Review 89 (1995), pp. 467-470. 8

Sidney Tarrow, "Bridging the Quantitative-Qualitative Divide in Political Science." American Political Science Review 89 (1995), pp. 471-474. 8

David Sylvan and Stephan Majeski, "A Methodology for the Study of Historical Counterfactuals." International Studies Quarterly 42 (1998), pp. 79-108. 8

William G. Howell and Jon C. Pevehouse, “Presidents, Congress, and the Use of Force.” International Organization 59 (2005), pp. 209-232. 8

Joanne Gowa and Edward D. Mansfield, “Alliances, Imperfect Markets, and Major-Power Trade.” International Organization 58 (2004), pp. 775-805. 8

November 16: Rationalism

Thomas Schelling, The Strategy of Conflict (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1960), pp. 81-172. & 1

Duncan Snidal, "The Game Theory of International Politics." World Politics 38 (1985), pp. 25-57. 8

James Morrow, "Modeling the Forms of International Cooperation." International Organization 48 (1994), pp. 387-423. 8

Helen Milner, "Rationalizing Politics: The Emerging Synthesis of International, American, and Comparative Politics." International Organization 52 (1998), pp. 759-786. 8

Miles Kahler, “Rationality in International Relations.” International Organization 52 (1998), pp. 919-942. 8

James Fearon, “Bargaining, Enforcement, and International Cooperation.” International Organization 52 (1998), pp. 269-306. 8

Ethan Bueno de Mesquita, “Conciliation, Counterterrorism, and Patterns of Terrorist Violence,” International Organization 59, 1 (Winter 2005), 145-176. 8

November 23: No class (Thanksgiving)

November 30: Constructivism

Alexander Wendt, Social Theory of International Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), chapter 1, “Four Sociologies of International Politics,” and chapter 6, “Three Cultures of Anarchy.” For first-field doctoral students, the whole book is recommended. & 1

John Gerard Ruggie, "What Makes the World Hang Together? Neo-utilitarianism and the Social Constructuvist Challenge." International Organization 52 (1998), pp. 855-886. 8

* Martha Finnemore, National Interests in International Society (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1996). &

Thomas Risse, “’Let’s Argue!’: Communicative Action in World Politics.” International Organization 54 (2000), pp. 1-40. 8

Jonathan Mercer, "Anarchy and Identity." International Organization 49 (1995), pp. 229-252. 8

J. Samuel Barkin, “Realist Constructivism.” International Studies Review, vol. 5, #3 (September 2003), pp. 325-342. 8

December 7: Critical Theory

Yosef Lapid, "The Third Debate: On the Prospects of International Theory in a Post-Positivist Era." International Studies Quarterly 33 (1989), pp. 235-254. 8

Jennifer Milliken, "The Study of Discourse in International Relations: A Critique of Research and Methods." European Journal of International Relations 5 (1999), pp. 225-254. 1

Ido Oren, “Is Culture Independent of National Security? How America’s National Security Concerns Shaped ‘Political Culture’ Research.” European Journal of International Relations 6 (2000), pp. 543-573. 1

R.B.J. Walker, Inside/Outside: International Relations as Political Theory (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), chapters 5 and 6 (pp. 104-140).

Michael Barnett and Raymond Duvall, “Power in International Politics.” International Organization 59 (2005), pp. 39-75. 8

Craig N. Murphy, “Seeing Women, Recognizing Gender, Recasting International Relations.” International Organization 50 (1996), pp. 513-538. 8

J. Ann Tickner, “What Is Your Research Program? Some Feminist Answers to International Relations Methodological Questions.” International Studies Quarterly 49 (2005), pp. 1-21. 8