IPSA Institute for Psychological Study of the Arts IPSA ABSTRACTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY IN LITERATURE AND PSYCHOLOGY Number 8 May 1993 $8.00 Institute for Psychological Study of the Arts4008 Turlington Hall (904) 392-7332, 392-0777 University of Florida FAX: (904) 392-3584 Gainesville, Florida 32611-2036 BITNET: nnh@nervm INTERNET: nnh@nervm.nerdc.ufl.edu (c) Copyright 1993, Institute for Psychological Study of the Arts. All rights reserved. ================================================================= May 6, 1993 Dear Colleague: As the new Director of IPSA, I am charged with sounding my personal variation on an old theme, the keynote of which was struck in the letter of my predecessor, Bernard Paris, a year ago at this time. WE NEED MONEY! To all those who generously responded to last year's appeal, my sincerest thanks. It was truly gratifying to see the outpouring of support in response to Bernie's letter, and I have tried to write to each of you individually to express my appreciation. Whether or not you gave last year, I hope very much that those of you who use and value the IPSA Abstracts and Bibliography will show your solidarity by sending us a contribution of $8.00 (made out to GAP). The state of Florida has made education a chief victim of its regressive tax policies, and our year-to-year existence depends on an increasingly austere University budget. Your response last year helped make this year's IPSABIB possible, and the survival of this publication depends in large measure on your continued generosity. I would also like to thank all those of you who responded with information about your own publications. I hope that all the items you sent me found their way into the bibliography! Please continue to keep us informed in this way. Our Managing Editor, Catharine Bean, and Norman Holland have done their best to keep abreast of the vast literature in our field, but your vigilance is our best guarantee that an important item will not be overlooked. Let me take this opportunity to remind you that we will be holding a major conference here April 7-10, 1994, at the University of Florida on the theme "Psychoanalyses, Feminisms." Full details will be available early in the fall, but I can promise you a very exciting program. By the way, our seminars will cover all aspects of psychological study of the arts, so please plan to join us even if your work does not have a feminist focus. Thank you again for providing us with a "holding environment." I look forward to hearing from you in the course of the year and to welcoming many of you in Gainesville next April. Best regards, Peter L. Rudnytsky Director For IPSABIB ================================================================= May 22, 1993 Dear Colleague: I hate to tell you this, but the bibliography you are holding was obsolete before you received it. The aim of the IPSA Abstracts and Bibliography, as we tell you each year, is to speed dissemination of current research and to make correspondence and the exchange of manuscripts among ourselves easy. We think the printed IPSABIB does this, but there is now a much better way-- online communication. Twenty million people now use the INTERNET to exchange messages, look up books in libraries, send one another papers, issue notices, download big machine-searchable texts (like a complete Shakespeare)--things we used to use con- ventional print media for. Shifting to computer from print means a vast increase in speed, abilities, and size. One of the most engaging uses of the INTERNET is a ``list- conference.'' In a list-conference, messages from a central com- puter are sent to the subscribers' BITNET or INTERNET addresses on their own university's mainframe computer or to their mail- boxes in a commercial service like CompuServ, Prodigy, or MCI mail. All messages go to all subscribers, and all subscribers can send messages. Freud's ;itRundbriefe;ei, but a much faster and easier way to ask for information, give notice of con- ferences, or exchange ideas. We have established just such a ``list-conference'' on the INTERNET to communicate about literature-and-psychology, psycho- analysis and the other arts, or psychoanalysis in general. It is called PSYART, and it is waiting for you. We currently have about forty subscribers from Australia, Israel, Holland, California--all over the world. They have received the biblio- graphy you are holding a week or two before the mailed version, and they can search theirs with their own computers in many more ways than our printed index allows. In addition, they have engaged in recent weeks in discussions of good introductory textbooks for psychoanalysis, oedipal triangles in current films, current writings by subscribers, shoes and ships and sealing wax To access PSYART, you need 1) a computer, 2) a telephone line, 3) a telephonable ``node,'' usually the mainframe computer at your university, 4) a modem to connect the computer to the telephone line, 5) ``communications'' software by which the com- puter commands the modem. You will probably also need some assistance from the computer people at your institution to get you started. Once you get the hang of it, however, it is very easy, and a quite amazing universe of information opens up. Once you are up and running, all you need do to subscribe to PSYART is send a one-line e-mail message. It should say-- SUBSCRIBE PSYART Send it to: listserv@nervm.nerdc.ufl.edu. That's all there is to it. If you want further information, do write me by what com- puterniks call ``snail mail.'' I look forward to ``talking'' with you online, and I am As ever, yours, Norman N. Holland ================================================================= TABLE OF CONTENTS About IPSA ............................................. ii IPSA ABSTRACTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY IN LITERATURE AND PSYCHOLOGY .......................... 00 Abstracts. Articles and Books forthcoming after 1 March 1993 ......................................................... 00 Bibliography -- Books published between January 1992 and March 1993 .................................................... 00 Bibliography -- Articles published between January 1992 and March 1993 .................................................... 00 Index to the Bibliographical Entries .................... 00 Announcements ........................................... 00 ================================================================= ABOUT IPSA Located at the University of Florida, IPSA (the Institute for Psychological Study of the Arts) was founded in 1984 by Nor- man N. Holland and is currently directed by Peter L. Rudnytsky. Andrew Gordon is associate director. Other members from the University of Florida include Robert de Beaugrande, Molly Har- rower, Anne Jones, David Leverenz, Ross McElroy, Marie Nelson, Scott Nygren, Bernard Paris, Maureen Turim, Anne Wyatt-Brown, and Bertram Wyatt-Brown. A number of other people, including several local clinicians, are informally associated with IPSA. IPSA sponsors a variety of activities in addition to the ;itAbstracts and Bibliography;ei. IPSA conducts the Group for the Application of Psychology (GAP), which meets monthly for din- ner and the discussion of a pre-circulated paper (usually work in progress). GAP members come from a variety of disciplines both within and outside academia. Programs for 1992-93 were as fol- lows: ;itSeptember 24, 1992;ei. Professor Scott Nygren (English, UF). ``Psychoanalysis/Melodrama/Other: Cross-Cultural Figures of Subjectivity in Japanese Film.'' ;itOctober 15, 1992;ei. Samuel Greenberg, M.D. (Psychiatry, UF). `` `It's Not Fair' or How to Survive In An Unjust Universe.'' ;itNovember 12, 1992;ei. Professor Phyllis Grosskurth (English, University of Toronto). Discussing her book, ;itThe Secret Ring: Freud's Inner Circle and the Politics of Psycho- analysis;ei. ;itDecember 12, 1992;ei. Professor Norman N. Holland (English, UF). Showing and discussion of John Huston's two psychiatric films: ;itLet There Be Light;ei (1946) and ;itFreud;ei (1962). ;itJanuary 21, 1993;ei. Professor Marian Price (English, University of Central Florida). ``;itCat on a Hot Tin Roof:;ei A Symbolic Self-Portrait.'' ;itFebruary 25, 1993;ei. Professor Andrew Gordon (English, UF). ``Cynthia Ozick's `The Shawl' and the Transi- tional Object.'' ;itMarch 18, 1993;ei. John E. Gedo, M.D. (Chicago Psy- choanalytic Institute). ``The Inner World of Paul Gauguin.'' ;itApril 22, 1993;ei. Professor Bert Wyatt-Brown (His- tory, UF). ``Walker Percy: Desperate Storytelling, 1950-1980.'' IPSA is co-sponsor of the ;itTENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LITERATURE AND PSYCHOLOGY;ei to be held June 24-28, 1993 in Amsterdam, hosted by Professors Walter Sch:onau and Henk Hil- lenaar of the University of Groningen. The conference will pre- sent over forty papers with scholars coming from Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Portugal, South Africa, the U.K., and the U.S. IPSA also maintains PSYART, an online list-conference on BITNET and INTERNET. The list-conference offers discussion and announcements dealing with literature-and-psychology, the psycho- logical study of the arts, and psychoanalysis in general. Sub- scribers span the globe, and topics range from recommended intro- ductory texts to psychological approaches to current films. Information on how to subscribe to this free service will be found in the Announcements section, page 000 below. IPSA is the research component of the Graduate Program in Literature and Psychology in the Department of English. The program is eclectic and clinically grounded. It provides Ph.D. candidates with a background in various schools of psychological theory and criticism. Currently, the program offers instruction and dissertation direction in psychoanalytic psychology, third- force psychology, reader-response criticism, psycholinguistics, and cognitive psychology. We offer the following graduate courses under the general heading: Psychological Approaches to Literature Psychoanalytic Psychology and Criticism Andrew Gordon Norman Holland Peter L. Rudnytsky Third-Force Psychology and Criticism Bernard Paris Reader-Response Criticism Norman Holland Lacanian Psychoanalysis and Criticism Maureen Turim Feminist Theory and Criticism Peter L. Rudnytsky Maureen Turim Cognitive Psychology and Criticism Robert de Beaugrande (on leave) Norman Holland Finally, with the assistance of Professor Norman Holland's Marston-Milbauer Chair, the Literature and Psychology Program offers fellowships to qualified applicants. ~ a Research Assistantship, the Marston-Milbauer Fellow- ship in Literature and Psychology, with a stipend of $12,000, including the teaching of one summer course. ~ several Teaching Assistantships with stipends up to $11,000, including the teaching of one summer course. There is also the possibility of a Research Assistantship appoint- ments for the position of Managing Editor of ;itIPSA ABSTRACTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY;ei. Instructions for applying for a Marston-Milbauer Fellowship will be found in the Announcements section, page 000. Applicants for other kinds of support should write to Professor Peter L. Rudnytsky for information. ;itIPSA ABSTRACTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY;ei ;itIN LITERATURE AND PSYCHOLOGY;ei Managing Editor: Catherine Bean Associate Editor: Todd Poremba Editorial Supervisor: Norman N. Holland Production Asssistants: Sonja Moreno, Brian Rhinehart We intend ;itIPSA ABSTRACTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY;ei to provide as comprehensive a covering of recent work done in literature- and-psychology as possible. To that end, each annual issue of ;itIPSA ABSTRACTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY;ei includes the following: ~ ;itAbstracts;ei of forthcoming work. (Number 8 includes abstracts of work accepted for publication as of 1 April 1993 but not yet published.) ~ A ;itBibliography;ei of books published during the previous year. (Number 8 includes books published between 1 January 1992 and 1 March 1993, with a few extras.) ~ A ;itBibliography;ei of articles published during the previous year. (Number 8 includes articles published between 1 January 1992 and 1 March 1993, with a few extras.) ~ ;itIndexes;ei to the bibliographies. ~ ;itAnnouncements;ei of conferences, publications, and other matters of interest to the profession. In addition, new techniques of online computer searching have enabled us to include some items from years before 1992 that were previously overlooked. ;itIPSA ABSTRACTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY;ei is published annually in May and has been available at no charge to members of the Modern Language Association (MLA).;it Now, however, we are asking MLA members to make a contribution of $8.00 to help us meet our costs.;ei This publication is also available to non-MLA members and to libraries upon request at a cost of $8.00 per issue (checks payable to GAP-IPSA). We invite you to add your name to our mailing list and request that you send us any change of address. The objective of ;itIPSA ABSTRACTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY;ei is to expedite the dissemination of current research in literature and psychology, to facilitate correspondence and the exchange of manuscripts among ourselves, and in general to promote our field of study within the profession and among our students. Thus, we ;iturge;ei you to submit abstracts of your forthcoming works in psychoanalytic, Lacanian, Third Force, psycholinguistic, cogni- tive, and reader-response criticism or in any other psychological or psychology-related criticism. In an effort to make our bib- liography comprehensive, we also urge you to submit your biblio- graphic entries of work published in the current year. We shall be publishing issue number 9 of ;itIPSA ABSTRACTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY;ei in May 1994. For this forthcoming issue, we ask you to submit (1) abstracts of works that will have been accepted for publication by 1 March 1993 but not yet published by that date, (2) bibliography entries for articles and books that have appeared in print between 1 January 1992 and 1 March 1993, ;itincluding several index terms;ei, and (3) announcements of interest to the profession. We look forward to your participa- tion. In sending us abstracts and bibliographies, please help us in our indexing by including the names of relevant literary and psychological authors and key psychological and aesthetic terms. ;itPlease send your entries and abstracts to Mrs. Sonja Moreno, Department of English, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-2036.;ei The editors of ;itIPSA ABSTRACTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY;ei and the members of the Institute for Psychological Study of the Arts are grateful to the Office of Graduate Research of the University of Florida for financial support. We also thank Ms. Sonja Moreno for her valuable secretarial assistance and Dr. John Van Hook of the University of Florida Libraries. ;itIPSA ABSTRACTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY IN LITERATURE AND PSYCHOLOGY;ei is published with the generous support of the Divi- sion of Sponsored Research of the University of Florida and Nor- man Holland's Marston-Milbauer Chair. Though that support ini- tially allowed us to distribute this publication free of charge to members of the Psychological Approaches to Literature Division of the MLA and to other MLA members who requested it, the size and complexity of the ;itIPSA ABSTRACTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY;ei has grown dramatically since its inception, and we are now incurring a significant deficit. As a result, we must now request recipients to help defray our costs by contributing $8.00, the amount that we are charging institutions and those who are not members of MLA. Please make your check payable to GAP-IPSA and send it to ;itPeter L. Rudnytsky, Director, IPSA, Department of English, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611- 2036;ei. If you cannot contribute $8.00, we shall keep you on our mailing list as long as possible; but if you do not find this publication useful, please let us know so that we can reduce costs by trimming our list. ;itABBREVIATIONS;ei U = University or Universities P = Press or Presses Names of the United States are abbreviated according to the two-letter U. S. Postal Service system: AL = Alabama; AK = Alaska; AZ = Arizona; CA = California, and so on.  ABSTRACTS Articles and Books Forthcoming after 1 May 1993 ALCORN, MARSHALL, JR. ;itNarcissism and the Literary Libido: Rhetoric, Text, Subjectivity;ei. New York: NYU P, 1993. This book formulates a theory of textual rhetoric by describ- ing psychoanalytically a reader's conflictual response to a literary text. Rhetorical effects are not easy to produce because changes in deeply held human values are like changes in human attachments to other people. Such changes are not quickly and not simply achieved. Changes in such attachments require complicated changes in the human subject. The post-structuralist concept of the subject, with its emphasis upon the subject as a passive structure of discourse, is inadequate for understanding such change. Jameson argued that changes in ideology must occur first at the level of transformations in the ``libidinal invest- ment of the individual subject.'' The changes that most require rhetorical skill, changes made difficult because of deep invest- ments in ideas and values, require complex libidinal transforma- tions in subjects. To understand these transformations, one must understand Freud's analysis of narcissism and its relation to ``transformations in libido.'' Literary theory and rhetorical theory characteristically examine value, ideology, or significa- tion, rather than libido. To understand the rhetoric of a text, however, we must see it in relation to the narcissism of a reader's response, and in relation to the reader's construction of ``libidinal organizations'' that function in relation to self- structure. HOLLAND, NORMAN N. ``Reader-Response Criticism.'' ;itPrinceton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics;ei, 2d ed. Ed. Alex Preminger, et al. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Reader-response criticism is a reaction to formalist, struc- turalist, or ``new'' criticism, focusing on the act of reading and its results instead of the text. The entry discusses Jauss, Iser, Bleich, Fish, and Holland as exemplifying two schools. One, primarily continental, uses generic and theoretical concepts of ``the'' reader, positing the implied reader, the informed reader, the superreader, the narratee, etc. The other, primarily American, uses the responses of actual, individual readers, ``a'' reader. The continentals attribute what is common in different readers' readings to the text, the Americans to shared tactics for reading which are then differently applied by different readers. The continentals therefore do not regard individual differences among readers' responses as important, while for the Americans they are central. The Americans therefore often share the concerns of critics writing on behalf of women, gays,or minority and third world peoples, who are likely to arrive at different readings of a text from a white, middle-class, Western male. Originally, psychoanalysis provided the first American reader-response critics with a psychology for analyzing response. In the 1970s and '80s, cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics, and neuroscience have provided increasingly powerful and detailed models. HOLLAND, NORMAN N. ``Psychology and Criticism.'' ;itPrinceton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics;ei, 2d ed. Ed. Alex Preminger, et al. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Holland traces the development of psychological criticism from pre-Freudian philosophy through the three phases of psycho- analysis: classical, ego-psychology, and the psychology of the self. The last includes recent work using object-relations theory, identity theory (Erikson, Lichtenstein), Horneyan or Lacanian psychoanalysis, feminist theory (Mitchell, Chodorow, et al.), and self-psychology (Kohut or Kernberg). Since psychology deals with persons, not texts, the psychological critic neces- sarily addresses author, reader, character, or a person imagined ``in'' the text. Choosing different persons leads to varieties of psychoanalytic criticism within the three phases and schools, of which Holland gives examples. The entry includes Paul Kugler's essay on Archetypal Criticism. Kugler describes the earlist Jungian contributions based on Jung's positing a collective unconscious besides a per- sonal unconscious. In the technique of ``amplification,'' Jung extended the technique of free association to interpretation in general, including literary interpretation. Later Jungians, fol- lowing Hillman, have studied imagination in general and restored to texts the polytheistic presence of "Otherness" common to all things. The entry also includes Michel Grimaud's essay on Other Psychologies. Grimaud covers recent developments in psycho- logical criticism using artificial intelligence (Schank), devel- opmental and cognitive psychology (Gardner, Perkins, Leondar, Winner), discourse analysis and story grammars (Beaugrande and Colby), and other subfields of the cognitive sciences. HOLLAND, NORMAN N. ``How to See John Huston's ;itFreud;ei.'' ;itCritical Essays on John Huston;ei. Ed. Stephen Cooper. New York: G. K. Hall. To see this film well, one needs to put aside the gossip about Sartre, Marilyn Monroe, Montgomery Clift, and Huston himself that surround its making. One also needs to put aside one's conven- tional knowledge of psychoanalysis. Although the film gives a tolerably accurate picture of Freud's early intellectual steps, it leaves out cocaine, the birth of Freud's children, and Fliess. Nevertheless, Huston develops a coherent vision of psychoanalysis as the uncovering toward consciousness of ;itdisplacements;ei from early, ;itsingular;ei desires to a ;itplurality;ei of less significant ;itsubstitutes;ei in later life. Examination of the prologue and first ten scenes shows how displacement and sub- stitution permeate the style of the film as well as its content. Recognizing this paradigm leads also to recognizing Huston him- self as an ``as if'' personality (Deutsch). A pattern of inessential substitutions pervaded both his films and his life. KISSEL, SUSAN S. ;itIn Common Cause: The ``Conservative'' Frances Trollope and the ``Radical'' Frances Wright;ei. Bowling Green: Popular Press, Bowling Green State U, 1993. Nineteenth-century writers and reformers Frances Trollope and Frances Wright have always been viewed as ideological opposites. This work looks at how the differences in their personal lives blurred their political commonalities. It examines how the stereotypes ``conservative'' and ``radical'' have distorted the lives, writings, and works of both figures. KRIMS, MARVIN B. ``Shakespeare's Commentary on Phallocentricity: `But Yet a Woman.''' ;itProceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Literature and Psychoanalysis;ei (1992). This essay examines ;it1 Henry IV;ei, in which commentary appears that reveals Hotspur's phallocentric attitude to be based on his neurotic distortions. These distortions are produced by Hotspur's anxiety about his `feminine attitude towards his own sex' (Freud) and childhood developmental traumas unrelated to gender issues. Although gender prejudice may appear in some of Shakespeare's texts, his discourse can also be read as disclosing and undermining derogatory attitudes toward women. LUPTON, MARY JANE. ;itMenstruation and Psychoanalysis;ei. U of Illinois P, 1993. ;itMenstruation and Psychoanalysis;ei examines the complex entanglement between menstruation and psychoanalytic theory, exposing, for the first time, the reluctance among Freudians to recognize menstruation as a relevant aspect of female sexuality. Applying the theory of sexual difference, Lupton juxtaposes the idea of menstrual productivity and renewal against traditionally negative psychoanalytic concepts--penis envy, hysteria, castra- tion anxiety, passivity, female masochism--beginning with Freud's reaction to Emma Eckstein, a patient who had hemorrhaged after Wilhelm Fleiss performed nose surgery. Lupton contends that Freud associated Eckstein's uncontrollable nasal bleeding with menstrual flow and with female sexuality. Her repressed menstruation continued to infiltrate his work. A significant number of Freud's followers incorporated menstruation into their readings of castration anxiety, hysteria, and the male desire to menstruate, but with little attention to menstruation as its own phenomenon. Only Claude Dagmar Daly viewed the ``menstruation complex'' to be a crucial aspect of female sexuality. The essay offers interpretations of Daly's menstrual theories and explores, for the first time, the rela- tionship between menstruation and masochism prevalent among women analysts such as Marie Bonaparte, Mary Chadwick, and Helene Deutsch, whose patients frequently viewed menstrual blood as a sign of injury. Not all Freudians held so fatalistic a view of the menstrual process; Otto Rank, for example, associated menstruation with feeding and nurturance. But mostly, the essay demonstrates, psy- choanalysis has perceived menstruation in terms of trauma, damage, pathology, and taboo. MOORJANI, ANGELA. ``Fetishism, Gender Masquerade, and the Mother-Father Fantasy.'' ;itPsychiatry and the Humanities;ei 14 (1993). The paper poses the question of how our gender identifica- tions would need to change in order to move beyond fetishism. Fetishism has been largely defined in terms of the male fan- tasy of the lost maternal phallus. The dread of women and the dread of being a woman that come with phallic fetishism are well documented. Recent literature, however, has contested earlier views that fetishism is a uniquely male perversion by adducing numerous examples of fetishistic imagination in women. This now admittedly male and female fetishism nevertheless remains phallic in nature. The article seeks to redefine fetishism in light of the Kleinian mother-father fantasy. Arguing that phallic fetishism has served as a screen for matric fetishism, the essay gives a number of instances of male and female matric fetishism in art and literature. The aim of the essay is to find ways of counter- ing the fetishistic consequences of the mother-father fantasy. PARIS, BERNARD J. ;itSearching for Self-Understanding: The Evolution and Significance of Karen Horney's Thought.;ei Forthcoming, Yale U P, 1994. Drawing upon newly discovered materials, this book explores the relationship between Karen Horney's personal history, her emotional difficulties and her evolving ideas. It offers many new biographical insights and demonstrates for the first time the autobiographical character of much of Horney's writing. It argues that Horney is one of the most important psychoanalytic thinkers of the twentieth century not only because she was the first great psychoanlytic feminist, or because of her emphasis on culture, but because her mature theory provides powerful explana- tions of human behavior that are widely applicable and that can be found nowhere else. While carefully analyzing all the stages of Horney's thought, this study corrects the over-identification of Horney with her earlier contributions by giving particular attention to her last two books, which describe the interpersonal and intrapsychic strategies of defense that people adopt when basic anxiety forces them to abandon their real selves. It discusses the uses of Horney's mature theory in the study of literature, biography, gender, influence, culture, religion, and philosophy. The evolution of Horney's ideas was the product not only of cultural and intellectual influences, but also of her quest for relief from the psychological difficulties that emanated from her troubled childhood. First her diaries and then her psycho- analytic writings were the means by which she sought self-cure through self-analysis. Her thought kept developing in part because of her dissatisfaction with therapeutic results, for her- self as well as her patients. Her writings are fascinating not only for the brilliance of their ideas but also because they con- tain the unintended self-revelations of an extraordinarily com- plex and secretive woman. Although Horney's search for self- understanding brought only partial relief from her problems, they led her to profound and original insights into fundamental pat- terns of human behavior. PRICE, THOMAS. ;itDramatic Structure and Meaning;ei. San Fran- cisco: Mellen Research UP, 1993. This book introduces a new general theory of dramatic form, together with a detailed practicable method for the analysis and critical understanding of plays and screenplays. The author pro- poses that any play or screenplay can ultimately be understood as conforming to one of just seven dramatic types, and that knowl- edge of the kinetic and modal signatures of these skeletal ``plots'' provides the key for decoding the metaphorical sig- nificance of a drama's action and imagery. Examples range from ancient Greek drama to modern opera libretti to contemporary film, and from acknowledged dramatic pieces to more popular works. RANCOUR-LAFERRIERE, DANIEL. ;itTolstoy's Pierre Bezukhov: A Psychoanalytic Study;ei. Bristol: Bristol Classical P, 1993. This psychobiography of one of the best known characters in world literature, Pierre Bezukhov of Tolstoy's ;itWar and Peace;ei, maintains that Pierre is much like a real person. Indeed, most Russians are familiar with this ``person'' and feel that they know him rather intimately. Such a sentiment means that Tolstoy has provided deep access to Pierre's psyche, and that Pierre is eminently psychoanalyzable. At times Pierre even lies on a couch and free-associates. The author offers not only a ``Freudian'' analysis of Pierre, but also applies Heinz Kohut's more recent self-psychological theory. Pierre's powerful heterosexual appetite is examined in the light of traditional Oedipal theory, but his grappling with pre-Oedipal issues familiar to Kohutian analysts is equally interesting. For example, Pierre is haunted by the early loss of his mother. The episodes of grandiosity, masochism, and depres- sion in his adult life indicate a very fundamental narcissistic wound from early childhood. Curiously enough, the author claims, no one has ever written a chronological, book-length psychobiography of a fictional char- acter. The book thus fills a gap. It does not merely psycho- analyze some passages of Tolstoy's novel which happen to deal with Pierre. Rather, the book chronicles Pierre's every move in a psychoanalytic light. It peels away the surface biography in order to expose the deep chronology of Pierre's psyche. RUDNYTSKY, PETER L., Ed. ;itTransitional Objects and Potential Spaces: Literary Uses of D. W. Winnicott;ei. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1993. This is a collection of essays that seeks to define the scope and possibilities of a Winnicottian tradition of literary criticism. Contents: Introduction - Peter L. Rudnytsky. Part I. The Analytic Frame. (1) D. W. Winnicott, ``The Location of Cultural Experience'' (2) Marion Milner, ``The Role of Illusion in Symbol Formation'' (3) Christopher Bollas, ``The Aesthetic Moment and the Search for Transformation'' (4) Murray M. Schwartz, ``Where Is Literature?'' (5) Albert D. Hutter, ``Poetry in Psycho- analysis: Hopkins, Rossetti, Winnicott'' (6) Madelon Speng- nether, ``Ghost Writing: Meditations on Literary Criticism as Narrative'' Part II. Literary Objects. (7) David Willbern, ``Phantasmagoric ;itMacbeth;ei'' (8) Antoinette B. Dauber, ``Thomas Traherne and the Poetics of Object Relations'' (9) John Turner, ``Wordsworth and Winnicott in the Area of Play'' (10) David Holbrook, ``Lawrence's False Solution'' (11) Richard Poirier, ``Frost, Winnicott, Burke'' (12) Patrick J. Casement, ``Samuel Beckett's Relationship to His Mother-Tongue'' Part III. Cultural Fields. (13) Brooke Hopkins, ``Jesus and Object-Use: A Winnicottian Account of the Resurrection Myth'' (14) Ellen Handler Spitz, ``Picturing the Child's Inner World of Fantasy'' (15) Claire Kahane, ``Gender and Voice in Transitional Phenomena'' (16) Anne M. Wyatt-Brown, ``From the Clinic to the Classroom: Winnicott, James Britton, and the Revolution in Writ- ing Theory.'' RUDNYTSKY, PETER L. and ELLEN HANDLER SPITZ, Eds. ;itFreud and Forbidden Knowledge;ei. New York: New York University Press, 1993. This is a collection of essays by scholars and clinicians exploring the tragic dimensions of human experience and the links between psychoanalysis and classic works of the Western literary tradition. Contents: Preface - Peter L. Rudnytsky. (1) Yael S. Feld- man, ``'And Rebecca Loved Jacob,' But Freud Did Not.'' (2) Ellen Handler Spitz, ``Promethean Positions'' (3) Martha C. Nussbaum, ``The ;itOedipus;ei ;itRex;ei and the Ancient Uncon- scious'' (4) Charles Segal, ``Sophocles' ;itOedipus;ei ;itTyrannus;ei: Freud, Language, and the Unconscious'' (5) Vas- silka Nikolova, ``The Oedipus Myth: An Attempt at Interpretation of Its Symbolic Systems'' (6) Bennett Simon, ``Recognition in Greek Tragedy: Psychoanalytic on Aristotelian Perspectives'' (7) Peter L. Rudnytsky, ``Freud and Augustine'' (8) Richard Kuhns, ``The Architecture of Sexuality: Body and Space in the Decameron'' (9) Andr'e Green, ``On Hamlet's Madnesses and the Unsaid'' SCHAPIRO, BARBARA. ;itLiterature and the Relational Self;ei. New York: New York U P, 1993. While psychoanalytic relational perspectives have had a major impact on the clinical world, their value for the field of literary study has yet to be fully recognized. The introduction to this book offers a broad overview of relational concepts and theories, and it examines their implications for understanding literary and aesthetic experience. The eight essays that follow apply these concepts to a close reading of various works of nine- teenth and twentieth-century literature. An essay on Wordsworth, for instance, explores the poet's writing on the imagination in light of Winnicott's ideas about transitional phenomena, while a chapter on Woolf and Lawrence compares identity issues in their works from the perspective of feminist relational-model theories. The relational paradigm, as a present-day development, is also particularly relevant to contemporary literature. Essays on John Updike, Toni Morrison, Ann Beattie, and Alice Hoffman examine self-other relational dynamics in their texts that reflect larger cultural patterns characteristic of our time. WOODWARD, KATHLEEN. ``Grief-Work in Contemporary Cultural Criticism.'' ;itDiscourse: Journal for Theoretical Studies of Media and Culture;ei 15.2 (Winter 1993). This essay starts from the premise that in classical Freudian theory affect is represented as a pathogen, as the cause, often, of paralysis, and as an excitation to be calmed and purged. The essay goes on to sketch the analytic history of mourning from Freud through Klein, Kristeva, and Kavaler-Adler as a prelude to discussing the recent outpouring of cultural criticism in the United States in which grief is understood not as a crippling emotion to be given up but as an animating cultural force that has a political and epistemological charge. Discussing recent books by Mitchell Breitwieser (on 17th-century American literature) and Eric Santner (on postwar German film) and recent articles by Philip Fisher (on ;itHamlet;ei), Douglas Crimp (on AIDS), and Renato Rosaldo (on his personal anthropology of grief), the essay concludes that this emphasis in criticism by men on grief, an emotion historically associated with women, is part of a larger redistribution of the gendering of emotional labor that is taking place today--and in which anger, his- torically associated with men, has become the preferred emotion for women. WOODWARD, KATHLEEN. ``Tribute to the Older Woman: Psychoanalytic Geometry, Gender, and the Emotions.'' ;itPsychiatry and the Humanities;ei. Ed. Josephh H. Smith, forthcoming 1993. Through a discussion of Freud's `Disturbance of Memory on the Acropolis' and ;itLeonardo;ei, this essay takes as its point of departure the view that Freudian psychoanalysis is a discourse of the stormy emotions which focuses on keeping adjacent generations separate and unequal in power to the exclusion of other registers of feelings, such as moods. Insisting that not only is the older woman a missing person in psychoanalysis but that she is also missing in contemporary feminist contributions to psychoanalytic criticism and theory which focus on the mother-daughter couple, the essay theorizes the celebrated third term of psychoanalysis not as the father who comes between mother and child but as the older woman who establishes continuity, not discontinuity, between three generations. 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